Atmel Flat Panel Television AVR1909 User Manual

AVR1909: Display Xplained Hardware User's  
Guide  
Features  
240 x 320 (QVGA) graphical TFT display  
8-bit  
Microcontrollers  
-
-
-
With resistive touch  
LED Backlight  
Internal controller  
Simple SPI interface for control  
Digital (PWM) control interface for backlight  
One 40pin, 0.5mm FPC connector  
Application Note  
Display and backlight powered by single 3.3V  
1 Introduction  
The Display Xplained module gives the possibility to evaluate a 240 x 320 pixel  
(QVGA) graphical RGB TFT display with a 4-wire touch interface and LED  
backlight. The display is interfaced with a simple SPI interface to send and receive  
commands and data. The Xplain kit provides tested low–level drivers and high-  
level functions in order to get the developer quickly up to speed with his application  
development.  
Figure 1-1. Display Xplained evaluation module.  
Rev. 8297A-AVR-04/10  
 
AVR1909  
The Display Xplained module is quite simple. It basically connects the TFT display  
SPI interface, resistive touch interface, and backlight interface from a 40pin FPC  
connector to two female pin-headers that fit the Xplain kit.  
In addition it has a program/debug interface that will connect an external  
programmer/debugger to the Xplain kit through a male and a female pin-header.  
3.1 The LCD Module  
The LCD module is produced by EDT (Emerging Display Technologies Corp), and is  
called ET024006DHU. It will be replaced with a new version called ET024008DHU in  
mid 2010 that have the same outline dimension and same electronics and optical  
specification.  
The LCD module embeds a graphical controller/driver from Himax called HX8347-A.  
This controller provides several communication interfaces like 8/16bit parallel MCU  
interface, 16/18bit RGB, and 4-wire serial SPI interface. On the Display Xplained  
module this has been hardwired to use serial SPI interface.  
The display is attached to the PCB with a strong dual-sided foam tape adhesive that  
make it easy to mount. This will electrically insulate the display from the PCB avoiding  
any short-circuit problems that may be caused by vibration wearing on the solder  
mask and tracks/vias. It will also provide some vibration damping for the display to  
protect the glass surface from cracking. It is also quite easy to remove the display if  
needed.  
3.2 The Touch module  
The LCD module has a 4-wire resistive touch interface. This consists of four lines (2  
in each X and Y direction) that should be connected to ADC/IO pins on the MCU  
interfacing it. The general procedure is to apply a voltage (VCC) for instance on the  
X-lines and then measure the voltage on the Y-lines. Then the operation is repeated,  
but switching the X and Y lines. This will give a (X,Y) coordinate for the touch.  
In order to avoid over driving (saturate) the ADC inputs, serial resistors have been  
added so the maximum voltage is within the ADC capability. This is a very simple and  
low-cost solution to adjust the touch sensor output to fit the ADC inputs. It will also  
lower the current consumption a little to increase the overall power performance.  
For more details on how to use 4-wire resistive touch sensors, see the application  
note AVR341: Four and five-wire Touch screen Controller using tinyAVR® and  
megaAVR® devices  
3.3 The Backlight module  
The backlight module of the display consists of three white LEDs connected in  
parallel. These can draw up to 60mA and have a maximum voltage drop up to 3.6V.  
On the Display Xplained module the backlight is connected to the V3P3 (3.3V) power-  
supply. This will somewhat limit the maximum light output in change of a simpler  
design.  
A MOSFET turns the backlight LEDs on/off and a 4.7ohm resistor limits the maximum  
current through the LEDs. This makes it quite easy to control the backlight with a  
PWM signal to adjust intensity.  
3
8297A-AVR-04/10  
 
3.4 The SPI interface  
The Display Xplained module uses a simple SPI interface to communicate with the  
LCD module. This consist of a Chip-Select (CS) line, a clock line (SCL), and two data  
lines (SDI/SDO). The SPI is operated in mode 3, i.e. inactive clock is ‘high’, and data  
is latched on rising clock edge.  
3.5 The SPI/USART MUX resistors  
The ATxmega128A1 has swapped the MOSI and SCK signals between using the  
regular SPI and using the USART in master SPI mode, which is available on the  
same pins. In order to offer the possibility to use both interfaces, a simple 0-ohm  
resistor mux is added to the Display Xplained module. It is currently set up to use the  
USART in master SPI mode. To switch to the regular SPI mode, move the two  
resistors mounted in position R111/R114 to position R112/R113.  
See schematic diagram and PCB assembly drawing for details on where to find these  
resistors. Note that they are placed under the LCD flexprint cable, so this needs to be  
disconnected from the FPC connector to get access to the resistors Please refer to  
Figure 2-1 page 2.  
3.6 The LCD Tear-Enable signal (TE)  
The LCD Module has an output signal that indicates when the display can be updated  
without getting any tearing effects. This signal basically indicates the scan retrace  
period of the display, meaning the time-period after the last pixel update and before  
the first pixel is written again. This period can be used to update the graphical RAM,  
and the update will be shown in the next scan period. For further details, see the  
Himax HX8347-A datasheet and application notes.  
3.7 The LCD Reset signal  
This signal is an input to the LCD module and is used to reset it. It has a pull-up  
resistor connected to avoid unintended resets. For further details, see the Himax  
HX8347-A datasheet and application notes.  
4 Connectors  
The Display Xplained module has five 10-pin 100mil headers. Two are used for  
programming/debugging interface to the Xplain kit. One is used for SPI interface and  
the backlight control of the LCD module. One is used for the touch interface to the  
LCD module. The last one is only used as a mechanical stabilizer to the Xplain kit.  
Note that the female SMD mounted pin-headers might get damaged if not handled  
carefully. The plastic insulation might come off and exposes the conductors.  
The last connector on the Display Xplained module is the FPC connector for the LCD  
module.  
4.1 Programming headers (J103/J104)  
The AVR XMEGA™ can be programmed and debugged by connecting an external  
programming/debugging tool to the “JTAG & PDI XMEGA” pin header (J100). The pin  
header is having a standard JTAG programmer pinout (refer to online help in AVR  
Studio®), and tools like the JTAGICE mkII or the AVR ONE! can thus be connected  
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AVR1909  
8297A-AVR-04/10  
 
AVR1909  
directly to the header. If it is desired to use PDI programming/debugging an adapter  
or squid cable (included in the JTAGICE mkII kit) must be used. Please see Table 4-1  
below for pin-out description.  
Table 4-1. Programming headers (J103/J104) – JTAG and PDI.  
J103/J104 pin  
J103/J104-1  
J103/J104-2  
J103/J104-3  
J103/J104-4  
J103/J104-5  
J103/J104-6  
J103/J104-7  
J103/J104-8  
J103/J104-9  
J103/J104-10  
JTAG(1)  
TCK  
GND  
TDO  
V3P3  
TMS  
nSRST  
V3P3  
-
PDI(2)  
-
GND(3)  
-
V3P3(3)  
-
PDI_CLK  
V3P3(3)  
PDI_DATA  
-
TDI  
GND  
GND(3)  
Notes: 1. Standard pin-out for JTAGICE mkII and other Atmel programming tools.  
2. Requires adapter or squid cable to connect a JTAGICE mkII (refer to AVR  
Studio help).  
3. It is only required to connect one V3P3/GND pin.  
The AT90USB1287 can be programmed by connecting a programming tool, such as  
a JTAGICE mkII, to the “JTAG USB” pin header (J200) on the Xplain board. Please  
refer to AVR1907: Xplain Hardware User’s Guide for details.  
4.2 The resistive touch pin-header (J101)  
This connector connects the resistive touch interface to AVR XMEGA’s analog  
PORTA that is available on the “XMEGA PORT A” pin header on the Xplain board  
(J101). This allows the user to connect external signals to the ADC, DAC and Analog  
Comparators on PORTA. Please see Table 4-2 below for pin-out description  
Table 4-2. The resistive touch pin-header (J101) connections.  
J101 pin  
J101-1  
J101-2  
J101-3  
J101-4  
J101-5  
J101-6  
J101-7  
J101-8  
J101-9  
J101-10  
LCD resistive touch signals  
-
-
-
-
TFT_XL (X-direction, Left side)  
TFT_XR (X-direction, Right side)  
TFT_YD (Y-direction, Bottom [lower] side  
TFT_YU (Y-direction, Upper side)  
GND  
-
5
8297A-AVR-04/10  
 
   
4.3 The SPI/TE/Reset/backlight pin-header (J102)  
This connector connects to the display’s SPI interface and backlight to the AVR  
XMEGA’s digital PORTD that is available on the “AVR XMEGA PORT D” pin header  
on the Xplain board(J102). Please see Table 4-3 page below for pin-out description.  
Table 4-3. The SPI/TE/Reset/backlight pin-header (J102)  
J102 pin  
J102-1  
J102-2  
J102-3  
J102-4  
J102-5  
J102-6  
J102-7  
J102-8  
J102-9  
J102-10  
LCD SPI interface signals + backlight  
TFT_BL_PWM  
TFT_RESET  
TFT_TE (Tear-Enable signal to synchronize write)  
-
TFT_CS  
TFT_SCL_X (Can be swapped with J102-8)  
TFT_SDO  
TFT_SDI_X (Can be swapped with J102-6)  
GND  
V3P3  
4.4 The unused pin-header (J105)  
This connector is not used for electrical connection on the Display Xplained module. It  
is only used as mechanical stabilizing to the Xplain kit.  
4.5 The LCD connector (J100)  
The LCD connector is a 40-pin FPC connector with 0.5mm pitch. For details on  
signal/power connections, see the schematic diagram for the Display Xplained  
module.  
5 Available code examples and drivers  
A Getting-Started training for the Display Xplained kit can be downloaded from the  
Atmel web site. The application note is called: AVR1913: Display Xplained  
Firmware – Getting Started training.  
Further information and drivers for Display Xplained can be downloaded as  
application notes, also distributed from Atmel’s web site.  
6 Mounting Display Xplained module to Xplain kit  
The Display Xplained module will fit onto the expansion connectors on the Xplain kit.  
Be careful to rotate the Display Xplained module correctly to the Xplain kit. The text  
direction should be the same on both when rotated correctly. Also be careful to align  
the connectors to avoid wrong signal/power connections that might cause damage to  
the boards.  
Also be careful when the Display Xplained module is removed to avoid bending pins.  
Don’t use any hard tools that might cause damage to the boards. Pay attention to  
EMC guidelines and proper handling precautions to avoid ESD damage to the  
boards.  
6
AVR1909  
8297A-AVR-04/10  
 
 
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8297A-AVR-04/10  
 

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